Psychometric properties of the beck depression inventory. It can be used for screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of therapeutic progress in both inpatient and outpatient settings. The beck depression inventory bdi ii is a widely used instrument that provides information about the presence and severity of depressive symptoms. In the bdi ii revised version, four items weight loss, body image change, somatic preoccupation, and work difficulty were. Beck depression inventory ii bdiii pearson clinical. No arbitrary cutoff score for all purposes to classify different degrees of depression. Interpreting the beck depression inventory bdi ii add up the score for each of the 21 questions by counting the number to the right of each question you marked. Beck depression inventory bdi addiction research center. Beck, is a 21question multiplechoice selfreport inventory, one of the most widely used instruments for measuring the severity of depression. On two items 16 and 18 there are seven options to indicate either an increase or decrease of appetite and sleep. Beck depression inventory ii bdi ii, center for epidemiologic studies depression scale cesd, geriatric depression scale gds, hospital anxiety and depression scale hads, and patient health questionnaire9 phq9.
The validity of beck depression inventory short version in. There is a fourpoint scale for each item ranging from 0 to 3. The items are easy to understand and rate, and the scoring procedure is very simple. Beck, is a 21question multiplechoice selfreport inventory, one of the most widely used psychometric tests for measuring the severity of depression. This version of the inventory was developed for the assessment of symptoms corresponding to criteria for diagnosing depressive disorders listed in the american psychiatric associations diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders fourth edition dsmiv, 1994. It was developed as a tool administered either as a selfrating or interviewbased, observerrating scale. After you have completed the questionnaire, add up the score for each of the 21 questions.
This instrument measures the severity of depression. Beck anxiety inventory desert view family counseling. Bdi ii assesses presence and intensity of mood symptoms. Beck depression inventory 8 perelman school of medicine. The highest possible total for the whole test would be sixtythree and the lowest possible score for the test would be zero. Beck depression inventory occupational medicine oxford. Because the distribution of bdi ii scores was not normal, percentile ranks for raw scores were provided for the total sample and separately by gender. The beck depression inventory for youth bdiy the beck anxiety inventory for youth baiy the beck anger inventory for youth baniy. Discover crucial warning signs to help you make the right. It is a short inventory that can easily be administered in 10 to 15 minutes. The bdi ii is a widely used 21item selfreport inventory measuring the severity of depression in adolescents and adults.
Beck depression inventory an overview sciencedirect topics. The following table indicates the relationship between total score and level of depression according to the beck depression inventory. Twentyone items assess the intensity of depression in clinical and normal individuals. Dec 04, 2020 patients were classified into the depressive group if they had a beck depression inventory second edition bdi ii score 16 55, 56. For example, individuals are asked to respond to each question based on a twoweek time period rather than the oneweek timeframe on the bdi.
Pdf norms for the beck depression inventory bdiii in. Bdi ii scoring the bdi ii is scored by summing the ratings for the 21 items. The bdi ii was revised in 1996 to be more consistent with dsmiv criteria for depression. Beck depression inventory oxford academic journals. Jul 27, 2017 the beck depression inventory ii bdi ii, by beck, steer, ball, and ranieri 1996, is a selfreportinterview questionnaire designed to quantify the amount of depression a person may be experiencing and its use is considered appropriate for a number of general client populations. Apr 15, 2012 general test information title of test. Indicate how much you have been bothered by that symptom during the past month, including today, by circling the number in the corresponding space in the column next to each symptom. Beck depression inventory short version item is adequate in assessing the severity of depression in patients with icd10 diagnosis of depression key words. Pdf the beck depression inventory bdiii and a single. Its development marked a shift among mental health professionals, who had until then, viewed depression from a psychodynamic perspective, instead of it being rooted in the.
Score of 0 21 low anxiety score of 22 35 moderate anxiety score of 36 and above potentially concerning levels of anxiety references. It maintains the item structure from the bdi ii and rates items occurrence over the past two weeks. The beck depression inventory bdi, bdi1a, bdi ii, created by aaron t. You can assess depression with the beck depression inventory ii bdi ii, which is in line with the depression criteria of the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disordersfourth edition dsmiv. Jul 05, 2020 the beck depression inventory second edition bdi ii is a 21item selfreport questionnaire that assesses the existence and severity of symptoms of depression as listed in the american psychiatric associations diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders fourth edition dsmiv. The inventory contains 21 selfreport items which individuals complete using multiple choice response formats. Circle the number beside the statement you have picked. Bdi ii bhs bai raw score 32 18 t score 88 76 72 percentile 99 97 95. Beck depression inventory bdi the beck depression inventory bdi is a self administered 21item self report scale, presented in multiple choice format, designed to detect presence of depression in adolescents and adults, and to measure characteristic attitudes and symptoms of depression independent of any particular theoretical bias.
Its development marked a shift among health care professionals, who had until then viewed depression from a psychodynamic perspective, instead of it being rooted. Special attention must be paid to the correct scoring of the changes in sleeping pattern item 16 and changes in appetite ite m 18 items. The bdi takes approximately 10 minutes to complete. A total bdiii score associated with depression severity is calculated from the partial item scores. Interpreting the beck depression inventory bdiii add up the score for each of the 21 questions by counting the number to the right of each question you marked. Content and use of the beck depression inventory a. The beck depression inventory fast screen is a selfreport questionnaire that contains seven items all rated on a fourpoint scale. An analysis of beck depression inventory 2nd edition bdiii. The scoring scale is at the end of the questionnaire. The beck depression inventory ii bdiii smokers and non smokers, we found that the mean scores on the bdi ii 9.
The questionnaire is given to adolescents and adults. Therefore, the age limit ranges from thirteen years to eighty years. The beck depression inventory bdi is widely used to screen for depression and to measure behavioral manifestations and severity of depression. The beck depression inventoryii is the most widely used instrument for detecting depression. The bdi ii, which is a 21item selfreport instrument, assesses symptoms of depression beck et al. Depression is projected to become a globally prevalent disorder 1, 2 with a huge burden to the population. Bdiii scores are classified as minimal 0, mild 1419, moderate 2028, and severe. Beck depression inventorysecond edition the national child. This study aimed to validate the beck depression inventory fast screen bdifs with the beck depression inventory ii bdi ii as depression screenin. Validity of the als depression inventory adi12 a new. The beck youth inventories byi 2001 is a selfreport multiassessment instrument. Clear lake regional medical center, webster, texas, usa email.
Bdiii beck depression inventoryii pearson assessments. May 19, 2020 the beck depression inventory bdi was published in 1996 and is a reliable selfreport inventory used to evaluate the symptoms of depression. Each of the 21 items corresponding to a symptom of depression is summed to give a single score for the beck depression inventory ii bdi ii. The beck depression inventory bdi, bdi ii, created by dr. Beck anxiety inventory is a well accepted selfreport screening measure of the severity of anxiety in adults and adolescents for use in both clinical and research settings 1 and is validated in a number of languages, including german, french, chinese, spanish, persian, nepal, icelandic, and others 2. Purpose all three versions of the beck depression inventory bdii, bdiia, and bdi ii are designed to rate the severity of respondents depression in the weeks preceding questionnaire completion. Beck depression inventorysecond edition the national. Mean beck depression inventoryii scores by severity of. Apr 01, 2021 beck, is a 21question multiplechoice selfreport inventory, one of the most widely used instruments for measuring the severity of depression. Beck depression inventory stop, that and one hundred other.
Abstractbeck depression inventory ii bdi ii is one of the mostused rating scales. The beck depression inventory bdi is a 21item selfreporting questionnaire for evaluating the severity of depression in normal and psychiatric populations 1, 2. The bdi ii is one of the most commonly used outcome measures in the world to demonstrate treatment efficacy and monitor treatment progress for depressed patients. And then pick out the one statement in each group that best describes the way you have been feeling during the past two weeks, including today. Beck depression inventory ii bdi ii type of questionnairedescription,age.
Suited to both clinical and research populations, the 21item instrument evaluates a variety of cognitive and physical symptoms of depression. The total score is calculated by finding the sum of the 21 items. The beck anxiety inventory is a 21item multiplechoice selfreport. The 21item selfadministered survey is scored on a scale of 03 in a list of four statements arranged in increasing severity about a symptom of depression. Depression is common in patients suffering from endstage renal disease esrd. The beck depression inventory abimbola farinde 1 1. Becks depression inventory the indiana state medical. The beck depression inventory ii bdiii smokers and non smokers, we found that the mean scores on the bdi ii. The criterionbased validity showed good sensitivity and specificity for detecting depression in comparison to the adopted gold standard.
Each item is rated on a 4point scale ranging from 0 to 3. Mean beck depression inventoryii scores by severity of major. Psychometric properties of the beck depression inventoryii. The beck depression inventory ii bdi ii quickly assesses depression in line with the depression criteria of the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental health disordersfourth edition dsmivtr. The beck depression inventoryii is a brief, selfreport inventory designed to measure the severity of depression symptomatology. Beck depression inventory often abbreviated asbdi is an instrument to measure the severity and. Beck depression inventory ii pdf scoring semantic scholar. Scoring is achieved by adding the highest ratings for all 21.
This edition of the beck depression inventory, the worlds most widely used instrument detecting depression, features new items that will bring it in line with current depression criteria of the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders fourth edition dsmiv. Each of the 21 items corresponding to a symptom of. Classification total score level of depression low. Beck depression inventory 2nd edition bdi ii is a popular measure intended to assess the existence and severity of symptoms of depression in consistent with in the american psychiatric associations diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders fourth edition dsmiv. Beck depression inventoryii bdiii pearson assessment. Severity of depressive symptoms at that moment, specifically assessing the intensity of depression in psychiatric and normal populations, ages and above. The original bdi, first published in 1961, consisted of twentyone questions about how the subject has been feeling in the. Bdiii items are rated on a 4point scale ranging from 0 to 3 based on severity of each item.
Considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria seventy articles were retained. The byi contains 5 inventories that can be used individually or in combination. The 21item selfadministered survey is scored on a scale of 03 in a list of four statements arranged in increasing severity about a particular symptom of depression. By taking and then periodically retaking the bdi, you can not only evaluate your depression. Beck anxiety inventory below is a list of common symptoms of anxiety. Scoring each of the 21 questions presents four different. Beck depression inventory bdi addiction research center uw.
Various screening tools for depression in esrd patients are available. The following guidelines have been suggested to interpret the bdi. The beck depression inventory ii bdi ii developed in 1996, was derived from the bdi. The beck depression inventory ii bdiii is the most widely used instrument for detecting depression. Validation studies of the beck depression inventory ii, in both primary care and hospital settings, were found for clinics of. Score of 021 low anxiety score of 2235 moderate anxiety score of 36 and above potentially concerning levels of anxiety references. In addition, the beck depression inventory fast screen for medical patients bdifs. Assess depression severity criteria fast with bdiii. The goal of this study is to compare bdi ii scores obtained with two standard methods of administration in communitybased older persons. Pdf beck depression inventory ii pdf scoring semantic. This questionnaire consists of 21 groups of statements.
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